United
Nations Development Programme
Millennium Development Goals
Intro
Goals, Targets & Indicators
About Indicators
Information on this page taken from UN Millenium
Goals Website.
By the year 2015, all 191 UN Member States have pledged
to meet these goals.
The eight Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) – which
range from halving extreme poverty to halting the spread
of HIV/AIDS and providing universal primary education,
all by the target date of 2015 – form a blueprint
agreed to by all the world's countries and all the
world's leading development institutions. They have
galvanized unprecedented efforts to meet the needs
of the world's poorest.
"We will have time to reach the Millennium
Development Goals – worldwide and in most, or even all, individual
countries – but only if we break with business
as usual.
We cannot win overnight. Success will require sustained
action across the entire decade between now and the
deadline. It takes time to train the teachers, nurses
and engineers; to build the roads, schools and hospitals;
to grow the small and large businesses able to create
the jobs and income needed. So we must start now. And
we must more than double global development assistance
over the next few years. Nothing less will help to
achieve
the Goals." United Nations Secretary-General,
Kofi A. Annan
Click for Summary "Progress
towards the Millennium Development Goals, 1990-2005"
This site includes About MDG;
Millennium Indicators Database, including country
profiles;
Summaries of Progress towards all 8 MDGs,
1990-2005;
List of goals, targets, indicators;
World and regional trends;
Regional groupings;
Key documents and links; Millennium Development Goals Report 2005
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Goals, targets and indicators
The Millennium Development Goals are an ambitious
agenda for reducing poverty and improving lives that
world leaders agreed on at the Millennium
Summit in
September 2000. For each goal one or more targets have
been set, most for 2015, using 1990 as a benchmark:
1. Eradicate extreme poverty
and hunger (Link
to UN Pdf File)
Target for 2015: Halve the proportion of people living
on less than a dollar a day and those who suffer from
hunger.
Indicators
- Proportion of population below $1 (1993 PPP)
per day (World Bank)
- Poverty gap ratio [incidence
x depth of poverty] (World Bank)
- Share of poorest
quintile in national consumption (World Bank)
- Prevalence of underweight children under five
years of age (UNICEF-WHO)
- Proportion of population
below minimum level of dietary energy consumption
(FAO)
More than a billion people still live on less than
US$1 a day: Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the
Caribbean, and parts of Europe and Central Asia are
falling short of the poverty target.
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2. Achieve universal primary
education (Link
to UN Pdf File)
Target for 2015: Ensure that all boys and girls complete
primary school.
Indicators
- Net enrolment ratio in primary education (UNESCO)
- Proportion
of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5 (UNESCO)
- Literacy
rate of 15-24 year-olds (UNESCO)
As many as 113 million children do not attend school,
but the target is within reach. India, for example,
should have 95 percent of its children in school by
2005.
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3. Promote gender equality
and empower women (Link
to UN Pdf File)
Targets for 2005 and 2015: Eliminate gender disparities
in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005,
and at all levels by 2015.
Indicators
- Ratio of girls to boys in primary, secondary
and tertiary education (UNESCO)
- Ratio of literate
women to men, 15-24 years old (UNESCO)
- Share
of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural
sector (ILO)
- Proportion of seats held by
women in national parliament (IPU)
Two-thirds of illiterates are women, and the rate
of employment among women is two-thirds that of men.
The proportion of seats in parliaments held by women
is increasing, reaching about one third in Argentina,
Mozambique and South Africa.
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4. Reduce child mortality
(Link
to UN Pdf File)
Target for 2015: Reduce by two thirds the mortality
rate among children under five
Indicators
- Under-five mortality rate (UNICEF-WHO)
- Infant
mortality rate (UNICEF-WHO)
- Proportion of 1
year-old children immunized against measles (UNICEF-WHO)
Every year nearly 11 million young children die before
their fifth birthday, mainly from preventable illnesses,
but that number is down from 15 million in 1980.
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5. Improve maternal health
(Link
to UN Pdf File)
Target for 2015: Reduce by three-quarters the ratio
of women dying in childbirth.
Indicators
- Maternal mortality ratio (UNICEF-WHO)
- Proportion
of births attended by skilled health personnel
(UNICEF-WHO)
In the developing world, the risk of dying in childbirth
is one in 48, but virtually all countries now have
safe motherhood programmes.
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6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria
and other diseases (Link
to UN Pdf File)
Target for 2015: Halt and begin to reverse the spread
of HIV/AIDS and the incidence of malaria and other
major diseases.
Indicators
- HIV prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-24
years (UNAIDS-WHO-UNICEF)
- Condom use rate
of the contraceptive prevalence rate (UN Population
Division)
- Condom use at last high-risk sex
(UNICEF-WHO)
- Percentage of population aged
15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge
of HIV/AIDS
(UNICEF-WHO)
- Contraceptive prevalence rate
(UN Population Division)
- Ratio of school attendance
of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans
aged 10-14
years (UNICEF-UNAIDS-WHO)
- Prevalence and death rates associated with malaria
(WHO)
- Proportion of population in malaria-risk
areas using effective malaria prevention and treatment
measures (UNICEF-WHO)
- Prevalence and death rates
associated with tuberculosis (WHO)
- Proportion
of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under
DOTS (internationally recommended
TB control strategy) (WHO)
Forty million people are living with HIV, including
five million newly infected in 2001. Countries like
Brazil, Senegal, Thailand and Uganda have shown that
the spread of HIV can be stemmed.
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7. Ensure environmental sustainability
(Link
to UN Pdf File)
Targets:
- Integrate the principles of sustainable
development into country policies and programmes
and reverse the
loss of environmental resources.
- By 2015,
reduce by half the proportion of people without
access to safe drinking water.
- By 2020
achieve significant improvement in the lives
of at least 100 million slum dwellers.
Indicators
- Proportion of land area covered by forest (FAO)
- Ratio of area protected to maintain biological
diversity to surface area (UNEP-WCMC)
- Energy use
(kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (PPP) (IEA,
World Bank)
- Carbon dioxide emissions per capita
(UNFCCC, UNSD) and consumption of ozone-depleting
CFCs
(ODP tons)
(UNEP-Ozone Secretariat)
- Proportion of
population using solid fuels (WHO)
- Proportion of population with sustainable access
to an improved water source, urban and rural (UNICEF-WHO)
- Proportion of population with access to improved
sanitation, urban and rural (UNICEF-WHO)
- Proportion of households with access to secure
tenure (UN-HABITAT)
More than one billion people lack access to safe drinking
water and more than two billion lack sanitation. During
the 1990s, however, nearly one billion people gained
access to safe water and the same number to sanitation.
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8. Develop a global partnership
for development (Link
to UN Pdf File)
Targets:
- Develop further an open trading and financial
system that includes a commitment to good governance,
development and poverty reduction – nationally
and internationally
- Address the least developed countries’ special
needs, and the special needs of landlocked and small
island developing States
- Deal comprehensively with
developing countries’ debt
problems
- Develop decent and productive work
for youth
- In cooperation with pharmaceutical
companies, provide access to affordable essential
drugs in developing
countries
- In cooperation with the private sector,
make available the benefits of new technologies – especially
information and communications technologies.
Indicators
Official development assistance (ODA)
- Net ODA, total and to LDCs, as percentage of
OECD/Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donors'
gross national income (GNI)(OECD)
- Proportion of
total bilateral, sector-allocable ODA of OECD/DAC
donors to basic social services (basic education,
primary health care, nutrition,
safe water and sanitation) (OECD)
- Proportion of bilateral ODA of OECD/DAC
donors that is untied (OECD)
- ODA received in
landlocked developing countries as a proportion
of their GNIs (OECD)
- ODA received in small island
developing States as proportion of their GNIs (OECD)
Market access
- Proportion of total developed country imports
(by value and excluding arms) from developing countries
and from LDCs, admitted free of duty (UNCTAD, WTO,
WB)
- Average tariffs imposed by developed countries
on agricultural products and textiles and clothing
from developing countries (UNCTAD, WTO, WB)
- Agricultural support estimate for OECD countries
as percentage of their GDP (OECD)
- Proportion
of ODA provided to help build trade capacity (OECD,
WTO)
Debt sustainability
- Total number of countries that have reached their
Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative (HIPC)
decision points and number that have reached their
HIPC completion
points (cumulative) (IMF - World Bank)
- Debt relief
committed under HIPC initiative (IMF-World Bank)
- Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods
and services (IMF-World Bank)
Strategies for decent and
productive work for youth
- Unemployment rate of young people aged 15-24
years, each sex and total (ILO)f
Access to affordable essential
drugs in developing countries
- Proportion of population with access to affordable
essential drugs on a sustainable basis (WHO)
Make available
the benefits of new technologies, especially information
and communications
- Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per
100 population (ITU)
- Personal computers in use
per 100 population and Internet users per 100 population
(ITU)
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About Indicators
Many developing countries spend more on debt service
than on social services. New aid commitments made in
the first half of 2002 could mean an additional $12
billion per year by 2006.
UNDP, in collaboration with national governments,
is coordinating reporting by countries on progress
towards the UN
Millennium Development Goals. The framework
for reporting includes eight goals - based on the
UN
Millennium Declaration. For each goal there is one
or more specific target, along with specific social,
economic and environmental indicators used to track
progress towards the goals.
The eight goals represent a partnership between the
developed countries and the developing countries determined,
as the Millenium Declaration states, "to create
an environment-at the national and global levels alike-which
is conducive to development and the elimination of
poverty."
Support for reporting at the country level includes
close consultation by UNDP with partners in the UN
Development Group, other UN partners, the World Bank,
IMF and OECD and regional groupings and experts. The
UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs is coordinating
reporting on progress towards the goals at the global
level.
Monitoring progress is easier for some targets than
for others and good quality data for some indicators
are not yet available for many countries. This underscores
the need to assist countries in building national capacity
in compiling vital data.
Millennium Development Goal Indicators Database
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